ADHD ICD-10: Classification, Diagnosis, and Treatment

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What is ADHD ICD-10?

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is classified under the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) by the World Health Organization (WHO). It falls under F90 - Hyperkinetic Disorders, specifically F90.0 – Disturbance of Activity and Attention, which includes persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that affect daily life and development.

ADHD ICD-10 Classification

The ICD-10 system categorizes ADHD into different subtypes based on symptom severity and presentation:

• F90.0 – Disturbance of Activity and Attention: Classic ADHD with hyperactivity and inattention.

• F90.1 – Hyperkinetic Conduct Disorder: ADHD combined with behavioral and conduct issues.

• F90.8 – Other Hyperkinetic Disorders: Cases that don’t fully fit other classifications but exhibit ADHD-like symptoms.

• F90.9 – Hyperkinetic Disorder, Unspecified: When ADHD symptoms are present but lack a clear subtype.

Symptoms of ADHD (According to ICD-10)

ADHD symptoms, as outlined in ICD-10, are categorized into three core areas:

1. Inattention

• Difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or activities

• Frequent careless mistakes in schoolwork or work

• Struggling with organization and time management

• Easily distracted by external stimuli

2. Hyperactivity

• Inability to remain seated for long periods

• Excessive talking and fidgeting

• Constant movement, even in inappropriate situations

• Difficulty engaging in quiet activities

3. Impulsivity

• Interrupting conversations or activities

• Difficulty waiting for turns

• Acting without considering consequences

ADHD Diagnosis Using ICD-10 Criteria

To diagnose ADHD under ICD-10, symptoms must:

• Be present for at least six months

• Significantly impair academic, social, or occupational functioning

• Be inconsistent with the child's developmental level

• Be observed in multiple settings (home, school, etc.)

A clinical evaluation typically includes:

• Parent and teacher questionnaires

• Standardized ADHD rating scales

• Psychological and behavioral assessments

ADHD Treatment Based on ICD-10 Guidelines

Treatment for ADHD classified under ICD-10 follows a multidisciplinary approach:

1. Behavioral Therapy

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to improve self-regulation

• Social skills training to enhance peer interactions

• Parent training programs for effective ADHD management

2. Educational and Lifestyle Support

• Structured learning plans and classroom accommodations

• Time management and organizational strategies

• Encouraging a balanced diet, exercise, and sleep hygiene

3. Medication Management

• Stimulant medications (e.g., Methylphenidate) to enhance focus

• Non-stimulant options (e.g., Atomoxetine) for long-term management

• Regular monitoring by healthcare professionals to adjust treatment

Living with ADHD

Understanding ADHD from an ICD-10 perspective helps in accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. With the right support, children and adults with ADHD can lead fulfilling lives. Strategies such as establishing daily routines, breaking tasks into manageable steps, and seeking professional guidance can significantly improve quality of life.

Conclusion

ADHD, as classified in ICD-10 (F90.0 - F90.9), is a recognized neurodevelopmental disorder requiring proper assessment and management. Early intervention with behavioral therapy, educational support, and medication (if needed) can help individuals overcome challenges and achieve their full potential.

For more information on ADHD ICD-10 classification, consult a healthcare professional or visit trusted medical resources.